
\section{OBORO $B$N<}B+H=Dj>r7o(B}

oboro $B%b%G%k$G$O>e>:$9$k6u5$2t$N5<CGG.$r2>Dj$7$F$$$k$?$a(B, $B>e>:$9$k$K$D$l(B
$B$F6u5$2t$K4^$^$l$k6E7k@-@.J,$NB8:_NL$,(B 0 $B$K6a$/$J$k(B. $B8@$$BX$($k$H??$NCM(B
$B$,(B 0 $B$K6a$/$J$k29EY!&05NO!&85AGNL$G$b7W;;$9$kI,MW$,$"$k$?$a(B, 0 $B$K6a$$>l(B
$B9g$G$bE,MQ$G$-$kHFMQE*$J<}B+H=Dj>r7o$r@_Dj$9$kI,MW$,$"$k(B. 
%
\begin{eqnarray}
 |x^{k+1} - x^{k}| < \varepsilon_{A} + \varepsilon_{R} (|x^{k}| + |x^{k+1}|)
\end{eqnarray}
%

$B$3$N<}B+H=Dj>r7o$rMxMQ$9$k$?$a$K$O(B, $\varepsilon_{A}, \varepsilon_{R}$
$B$N(B 2 $B$D$r@_Dj$9$kI,MW$,$"$k(B. 

$B6qBNNc$r9M$($k(B. $B?tCM2r$,==J,$K(B 0 $B$h$jBg$-$$>l9g$K$O(B, $BAjBP8m:9(B
%
\begin{eqnarray}
 \frac{n^{k+1} - n^{k}}{n^{k}} < \varepsilon_{R}
\end{eqnarray}
%
$B$r<}B+>r7o$H$9$k$N$OLdBj$J$$(B. $B$7$+$7LdBj$H$J$k$N$O==J,$K(B 0 $B$K6a$$$h$&$J(B
$B?tCM2r$N>l9g$G(B, $B$=$N>l9g$K$ONc$($P(B
%
\begin{eqnarray}
 \frac{n^{k+1} - n^{k}}{n^{k}} 
  &=& \frac{1.11111111111111 \times 10^{-12} - 1.11111111111110 
  \times 10^{-12}}{1.0 \times 10^{-12}} \nonumber \\
  &=& \frac{1.0 \times 10^{-27}}{1.0 \times 10^{-12}}
  < \varepsilon_{R}
\end{eqnarray}
%
$B$H$$$&$h$&$K(B, $B8m:9$,8B$j$J$/(B 0 $B$K6a$/$J$k$^$G7W;;$;$M$P$J$i$J$/$J$k(B. 
$B$H$3$m$,(B, $B>e=R$NNc$N$h$&$K(B $10^{27}$ $B7e$^$G7W;;$9$k$3$H$K$O0UL#$,$J$$(B. 
$B$J$<$J$i$P=EMW$J$N$O7O$N%(%s%H%m%T!<$G$"$j(B, $B7O$N%(%s%H%m%T!<$K1F6A$rM?$((B
$B$J$$$h$&$J8m:9$O7W;;$9$kI,MW$,$J$$(B. $B$7$?$,$C$F(B, $B5vMF@dBP8m:9$r@_Dj$7(B, 
$B7OA4BN$NG.NO3X>uBV$K1F6A$rM?$($J$$$h$&$J8m:9$rL5;k$9$k$h$&$K@_Dj$9$k(B. 



\subsection{$B5vMFAjBP8m:9$N@_Dj(B}

$B5vMFAjBP8m:9$OWs0UE*$K7h$a$kI,MW$,$"$k(B. $B8=:_$N7W;;$OG\@:EY$J$N$G(B, $B5vMFAj(B
$BBP8m:9$H$7$F$O%^%7%s!&%$%W%7%m%sDxEY(B($10^{13}$)$B$NCM$rM?$($k$3$H$K$9$k(B.


\subsection{$B5vMF@dBP8m:9$N@_Dj(B}

oboro $B%b%G%k$G7W;;$9$k$N$O%b%k?t$G$"$j(B, $B7W;;$9$k6u5$2t$K$*$$$F=EMW$JJ*M}(B
$BNL$O%(%s%H%m%T!<$G$"$k(B. $B%(%s%H%m%T!<$NCM$K4sM?$7$J$$$[$I2=3X<o$N%b%k?t$N(B
$B8m:9$,>.$5$$$J$i$P(B, $B$=$N2=3X<o$N%b%k?t$r@:EY$h$/7W;;$9$kI,MW$O$J$$(B. $B$=$3(B
$B$G5vMF@dBP8m:9$H$7$F(B, $B7O$N%(%s%H%m%T!<$K1F6A$rM?$($kDxEY$NNL$H@_Dj$7$?(B.

$B5vMF@dBP8m:9$OG$0U$KM?$($k$3$H$,$G$-$:(B, $B%b%G%k$NFbIt$G7W;;$;$M$P$J$i$J$$(B. 
%
\begin{eqnarray}
 && \frac{s_{i} \Delta n_{i}}{ \sum_{i} s_{i} n_{i}} < \varepsilon_{R}
  \nonumber \\
 && \frac{s_{i} \Delta n_{i}}{\bar{s} \sum_{i} n_{i}} < \varepsilon_{R}
  \nonumber \\
 && \frac{\Delta n_{i}}{\sum_{i} n_{i}} < \varepsilon_{R} \times 0.1
  \nonumber \\
 && \varepsilon_{A} = \varepsilon_{R} \times \sum_{i} n_{i} \times 0.1
\end{eqnarray}
%
$B$?$@$7(B, $BE:;z(B $i$ $B$O2=3X<o$r0UL#$7(B, $\bar{s}$ $B$OHf%(%s%H%m%T!<$NJ?6Q$G$"(B
$B$k(B. 
$B2=3X<o4V$N%(%s%H%m%T!<$NCM$O$*$h$=%*!<%@!<(B 3 $BDxEY$K$7$+0c$o$J$$$N$G(B, 
$B$3$3$G$O(B $s_{i} \approx \bar{s}$ $B$H$7(B, $BG0$N$?$a$K(B 1/10 $BG\$7$F$"$k(B. 


\subsection{$B5vMF@dBP%b%k?t$N@_Dj(B}

oboro $B%b%G%k$G7W;;$9$k$N$O%b%k?t$G$"$j(B, $B7W;;$9$k6u5$2t$K$*$$$F=EMW$JJ*M}(B
$BNL$O%(%s%H%m%T!<$G$"$k(B. $B%(%s%H%m%T!<$NCM$K4sM?$7$J$$$[$I2=3X<o$N%b%k?t$,(B
$B>.$5$$$J$i$P(B, $B$=$N2=3X<o$N%b%k?t$r7W;;$9$kI,MW$O$J$$(B. $BHy>/NL$N2=3X<o$r7O(B
$B$+$i=|30$7$F7W;;$rB3$1$?J}$,8zN($,NI$$(B. 

$B$=$3$G5vMF@dBP%b%k?t$r@_Dj$7$?(B. $B$3$l$O$"$k2=3X<o$N%(%s%H%m%T!<$N4sM?$,(B
$BA4%(%s%H%m%T!<$N5vMFAjBP8m:9DxEY$+H]$+$K$h$C$FH=CG$9$k(B. 
%
\begin{eqnarray}
 && \frac{s_{i} n_{i}}{ \sum_{i} s_{i} n_{i}} < \varepsilon_{R},
  \nonumber \\
 && N_{i} \equiv \frac{ \varepsilon_{R} \times {\sum_{i} s_{i} n_{i}}  }{s_{i}}.
\end{eqnarray}
%
$B$3$3$G(B $N_{i}$ $B$O2=3X<o(B $i$ $B$K4X$9$k5vMF@dBP%b%k?t$G$"$k(B. 
$B$3$N(B $N_{i}$ $B$OH?I|7W;;$NCf$G7+$jJV$77W;;$9$k(B. 



