{\Large 
\begin{description}
\item[�����ٸ�Ψ]
\begin{eqnarray}
 N^{2} = 
  \frac{g}{T_{v}} \left( \DD{T_{v}}{z} + \frac{M_d g}{c_{p}} \right)
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤����������]
\begin{eqnarray}
N^{2} &=&
 \frac{M_{d}  g^{2}}{ c_{p} T}
 \left( 
  \frac{ \lambda_{k}}{R T} - \frac{ c_{p} }{ R} 
 \right)
 \left(
  \frac{ \lambda_{k}}{ c_{p} T}
  + \frac{ M_{v} - M_{d} }{M_{d}} 
 \right)
 X_{k} 
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤��礭�����]
\begin{eqnarray}
 N^{2} = 
  \frac{g}{T_{v}} 
  \left( 
    - \frac{ M_{d} g}{\bar{c_{p}}} 
      \frac{\bar{c_{p}} T}{\lambda_{k}} 
    - \frac{M_{d} T}{\bar{M}^{2}} \DD{\bar{M}}{z}
   + \frac{M_d g}{c_{p}} 
  \right)
\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\end{description}
}



{\Large
\begin{description}
\item[������Ǯ���ٸ�Ψ]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T}{z} &=& - \frac{\bar{M} g}{\bar{c_{p}}} 
  \left(
 \frac{ 1 +  \frac{ \lambda_{k} X_{k}}{R T}}
{ 1 + \frac{ \lambda^{2}_{k} X_{k}}{ \bar{c_{p}} R T^{2}} }
 \right). 
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤����������]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T}{z} 
 &\approx& - \frac{\bar{M} g}{\bar{c_{p}}} 
  \left\{  1 -  \frac{\lambda_{k} X_{k}}{\bar{c_{p}} T} 
   \left( \frac{ \lambda_{k}}{ R T} 
    - \frac{\bar{c_{p}}}{R} \right) \right\}. 
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤��礭�����]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T}{z} 
 &\approx& 
  - \frac{\bar{M} g}{\bar{c_{p}}} \frac{\bar{c_{p}} T}{\lambda_{k}}. 
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}
\end{description}
}

{\Large
\begin{description}
\item[�����ٸ�Ψ]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T_{v}}{z}
  = 
  &-& \frac{ M_{d} (M_{v} - M_{d}) }{\bar{M}} 
    \frac{ g X_{k} }{ R} 
\nonumber \\
  &-& 
  \frac{M_{d} g}{\bar{c_{p}}}
   \left(  
    1 - \frac{ M_{v} - M_{d} }{\bar{M}} 
    \frac{ \lambda_{k} X_{k} }{ R T } 
   \right) 
 \frac{ 1 +  \frac{ \lambda_{k} X_{k}}{R T}}
{ 1 + \frac{ \lambda^{2}_{k} X_{k}}{ \bar{c_{p}} R T^{2}} }
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤����������]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T_{v}}{z}
  \approx &-& \frac{ M_{d} (M_{v} - M_{d}) }{\bar{M}} 
    \frac{ g X_{k} }{ R} 
\nonumber \\
  &-& 
  \frac{M_{d} g}{\bar{c_{p}}}
  \left(
   1 
   + \frac{ \lambda_{k} X_{k}}{R T}
   - \frac{ \lambda^{2}_{k} X_{k}}{ \bar{c_{p}} R T^{2}} 
   - \frac{ M_{v} - M_{d} }{\bar{M}}  \frac{ \lambda_{k} X_{k}}{R T}
  \right)
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}

\item[�ĶŽ���ʬ��¸���̤��礭�����]
\begin{eqnarray}
\DD{T_{v}}{z} 
&\approx& 
   -  \frac{ M_{d} g}{\bar{c_{p}}} 
             \frac{\bar{c_{p}} T}{\lambda_{k}} 
    - \frac{M_{d} T}{\bar{M}^{2}} \DD{\bar{M}}{z}
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}
\end{description}
}


{\Large
�ѿ��Ϥ��줾��, 
���� $T$, ������ $T_{v}$, ���� $p$, 
ʬ���� $\bar{M}$, 
���絤����ʬ���� $M_{d}$, 
���ᵤ����ʬ���� $M_{v}$, 
�Ž̤Υ��󥿥�ԡ� $\lambda$, ����� $X$, ���� $g$, 
��Ǯ $c_{p}$, ������� $R$, ��ľ��ɸ $z$ �Ǥ���.
ź�� $k$ �ϲĶŽ���ʬ���̣����. 
}